Preventive pharmacology and longevity

In medicine, “longevity” is now less anti-ageing marketing than a very specific question of precision prevention: which pharmacological interventions prevent (or delay) cardiometabolic, renal, oncological and functional endpoints – and therefore plausibly also “biological ageing”? The crucial point for physicians is that only part of the longevity discussion is based on hard clinical endpoints (mortality, MACE, HF hospitalization, progression of CKD), while much of it comes from animal models, surrogate markers or small human studies. The following is a strictly evidence-based, practice-oriented classification – including those substances that were spectacular in the mouse model or are used off-label in parts of the scene.