Substitute iron deficiency and always use dopaminergics judiciously

The diagnostic criteria for restless legs syndrome (RLS) were revised and agreed upon in a consensus conference. The previous division into primary and secondary forms of RLS has been replaced by a concept that RLS results from interactions between genetic and environmental factors and comorbidities. The term ‘secondary RLS’ should no longer be used. First-line treatment options include the substitution of iron deficiency and the use of non-ergot dopamine agonists, pregabalin or gabapentin.