Standard established at HFrEF with individual nuances

The modern treatment of heart failure is characterized by early intervention, multidimensional care and extended therapy options. Around half of all heart failure patients have a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. With regard to drug therapy, according to ESC guidelines, there are four standard recommended drug classes that should be used early in HFrEF, as they are particularly important for reducing morbidity and mortality. SGLT-2 inhibitors are now recommended for HFrEF, HFmrEF and HFpEF.