Simplified dual therapy beats quadruple regimen

There are no vaccination strategies against Helicobacter pylori, a gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the gastric mucosa. Eradication relies on antimicrobial therapy to reduce transmission, promote mucosal healing and reduce the risk of gastric cancer. Persistent Helicobacter pylori infectionafter failed eradication remains a major clinical challenge, especially in the face of increasing antibiotic resistance.